Glareless lamp



Aug. 2, 1927.

Filed Sept. 9. 1926 Patented Aug. 2 1927.:

, UNWEQ are s PA ENT 1 OFFICE.

' AMES Minus 's'rnwan r, or Bnrsniiim, QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA.

' GLARELESS LAMP.

Application filed September 9,192 Serial No. 134,548,2ind in Australia October 2, i925.

, located about the focal point within a 11015 iucans for diminishin ()lJlQCtof improving the utility of suchde- A motor car head light. Structural adaptation low reflector, and it consists in an improved a glare effect with the vices, particularly as motor head lamps;

The invention consists in a lamp having only one light source and fitted with "two forwardly directed concave projector reflectors jhavlng a lenticular cell between them.v The frontal reflector is perforated, and polished and the rearward reflector is also polishedbright. Theface of therearward reflector may be tinted. In practice, the

light source is an electric lamp, and its envelope' or globe is preferably tinted bluegreen or other color inthe higher range of the spectrinmand the back of the frontal retlector is tinted in a color in the lower range of the spectrum, as for instance I golden-yellow or orange. The best represthe lenticular space between the two reflec-' tors being filled with light.

mination of the whole road surface forward sion of glare is obtained when the colors of the respective light beams are 'complemen* tary or nearly so. The preferred comb1nation is provided with a blue-green light, two

inatt surfaced polished silver reflectors, and auorange-red color finish, on the polished back of the front reflector. Less satisfactor v results are obtained when a clear (untinted) llfllt is used instead of a blue-green light. Less satisfactory results are also obtained if the face of the backreflector 1S tinted, and it has been found that if the back reflector has a polished copper faceun.- desirable results are obtained though a light brass finish produces acceptable results.

In a lamp thus constructed, rays or shafts of clear or tinted light pass backwardfrom the light source through the perforations in the forward reflector and suffer reflection forwardly at'the surface of the rear reflector,

The light projected by a lamp thus constructed does not cast harsh shadows and consequently does not accentuate road, surface inequalities to the same extent as a beam from an ordinary silvered reflector,

and whilst the beanrobtained is not so )ierc'in as a beam obtainable from a sil vered reflector, it offers more effectiveill'uof a car and does not involve discomfort to of this lamp for interior illumination and other purposes may be readily schemed Within'the range of the invention by any practical lamp manufacturer.

Fig. 2 is abroken perspective front view of a portion of the lamp to indicate the preferable manner in which frontal reflector B is perforated.

A is the lamp casing, B a hollow silver surface reflector, C holes symmetrically punched or drilled through the reflector B, y

an electric glow lamp, D aface glass or lens covering the front of the lamp case, and F an adaptor socket through which a connection is made to a battery or other source of electric current for operating the lamp. G lenticular cell formed by the space contained within the perforated reflector B and a back reflector H which .is

lined within the case A in the same axial direction as the reflector B.

The envelope of the electric lamp E is usually constructed of blu'egreen glass or glass of another color which tints the direct forward rays from thefilament so that the glare effect of those rays on the 'eyesof an observer located in front of the lamp is softened. A light blue tinting, commonly known as .daylight tinting, is preferable. Lightis projected directly forward from the end of the lamp envelope E but the lateral rays which are directed towards the reflector surface B are either reflected from that surface or pass through the holes G into the lUO effect in the illumination produced by the lamp on a road or on objects in their path.

The line M indicates a colored and polished film or surface on the back of the for- .ward reflector and the line N represents a polished or tinted concave face on the rear reflector H.

The size and arrangement of the perforations in the frontal reflector may be varied. The most convenient and elegant arrange? ment is theradial arrangement indicated in Fig. 2. It would seem to be desirable'that 10% or more of the surface area of the for ward reflector should be occupied by the system of symmetric perforations. The front reflector surface is polished, preferably with matt finish, which procures better results than sheen finish.

The reason why glare is so substantially reduced in this lamp is not fully explained onpresent knowledge. The eye is not paralyzed or seriously discomfort-ed by gazing for a little time directly at the lamp, whereas with a light source of the same value used with an ordinary silvered reflector the vision of the observer would be entirely paralyzed for several moments if he were to gaze at its rearward wall, said cell having a surface colored difierentially in relation to the color of the'light emittedfrom the lamp.

2. A glareless'lamp having two reflectors in tandem and spaced apart, the forward one symmetrically Jerforated and fitted with a lampsocket adapted to hold a lamp in its focal zone, a tinted surface on the back of the forward reflector, and. polished frontal faces on both reflectors.

3. rglareless lamp having two reflectors iii-tandem and spaced apart, the forward one "ymmetrically perforated and fitted with a lamp in its focal zone, and a tinted surface on the back reflector difierentially colored in relation to the color of the lamp envelope.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JAMES MILNE STEXVART. 

